4 research outputs found

    IntĂ©gration de l’analyse prĂ©dictive dans des systĂšmes auto-adaptatifs

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    In this thesis we proposed a proactive self-adaptation by integrating predictive analysis into two phases of the software process. At design time, we propose a predictive modeling process, which includes the activities: define goals, collect data, select model structure, prepare data, build candidate predictive models, training, testing and cross-validation of the candidate models and selection of the ''best'' models based on a measure of model goodness. At runtime, we consume the predictions from the selected predictive models using the running system actual data. Depending on the input data and the time allowed for learning algorithms, we argue that the software system can foresee future possible input variables of the system and adapt proactively in order to accomplish middle and long term goals and requirements.Au cours des derniĂšres annĂ©es, il y a un intĂ©rĂȘt croissant pour les systĂšmes logiciels capables de faire face Ă  la dynamique des environnements en constante Ă©volution. Actuellement, les systĂšmes auto-adaptatifs sont nĂ©cessaires pour l’adaptation dynamique Ă  des situations nouvelles en maximisant performances et disponibilitĂ©. Les systĂšmes ubiquitaires et pervasifs fonctionnent dans des environnements complexes et hĂ©tĂ©rogĂšnes et utilisent des dispositifs Ă  ressources limitĂ©es oĂč des Ă©vĂ©nements peuvent compromettre la qualitĂ© du systĂšme. En consĂ©quence, il est souhaitable de s’appuyer sur des mĂ©canismes d’adaptation du systĂšme en fonction des Ă©vĂ©nements se produisant dans le contexte d’exĂ©cution. En particulier, la communautĂ© du gĂ©nie logiciel pour les systĂšmes auto-adaptatif (Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems - SEAMS) s’efforce d’atteindre un ensemble de propriĂ©tĂ©s d’autogestion dans les systĂšmes informatiques. Ces propriĂ©tĂ©s d’autogestion comprennent les propriĂ©tĂ©s dites self-configuring, self-healing, self-optimizing et self-protecting. Afin de parvenir Ă  l’autogestion, le systĂšme logiciel met en Ɠuvre un mĂ©canisme de boucle de commande autonome nommĂ© boucle MAPE-K [78]. La boucle MAPE-K est le paradigme de rĂ©fĂ©rence pour concevoir un logiciel auto-adaptatif dans le contexte de l’informatique autonome. Cet modĂšle se compose de capteurs et d’effecteurs ainsi que quatre activitĂ©s clĂ©s : Monitor, Analyze, Plan et Execute, complĂ©tĂ©es d’une base de connaissance appelĂ©e Knowledge, qui permet le passage des informations entre les autres activitĂ©s [78]. L’étude de la littĂ©rature rĂ©cente sur le sujet [109, 71] montre que l’adaptation dynamique est gĂ©nĂ©ralement effectuĂ©e de maniĂšre rĂ©active, et que dans ce cas les systĂšmes logiciels ne sont pas en mesure d’anticiper des situations problĂ©matiques rĂ©currentes. Dans certaines situations, cela pourrait conduire Ă  des surcoĂ»ts inutiles ou des indisponibilitĂ©s temporaires de ressources du systĂšme. En revanche, une approche proactive n’est pas simplement agir en rĂ©ponse Ă  des Ă©vĂ©nements de l’environnement, mais a un comportement dĂ©terminĂ© par un but en prenant par anticipation des initiatives pour amĂ©liorer la performance du systĂšme ou la qualitĂ© de service

    Dynamic Adaptation of Software-defined Networks for IoT Systems: A Search-based Approach

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    The concept of Internet of Things (IoT) has led to the development of many complex and critical systems such as smart emergency management systems. IoT-enabled applications typically depend on a communication network for transmitting large volumes of data in unpredictable and changing environments. These networks are prone to congestion when there is a burst in demand, e.g., as an emergency situation is unfolding, and therefore rely on configurable software-defined networks (SDN). In this paper, we propose a dynamic adaptive SDN configuration approach for IoT systems. The approach enables resolving congestion in real time while minimizing network utilization, data transmission delays and adaptation costs. Our approach builds on existing work in dynamic adaptive search-based software engineering (SBSE) to reconfigure an SDN while simultaneously ensuring multiple quality of service criteria. We evaluate our approach on an industrial national emergency management system, which is aimed at detecting disasters and emergencies, and facilitating recovery and rescue operations by providing first responders with a reliable communication infrastructure. Our results indicate that (1) our approach is able to efficiently and effectively adapt an SDN to dynamically resolve congestion, and (2) compared to two baseline data forwarding algorithms that are static and non-adaptive, our approach increases data transmission rate by a factor of at least 3 and decreases data loss by at least 70%

    A Prediction-Driven Adaptation Approach for Self-Adaptive Sensor Networks

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    International audienceEngineering self-adaptive software in unpredictable environments such as pervasive systems, where network's ability, remaining battery power and environmental conditions may vary over the lifetime of the system is a very challenging task. Many current software engineering approaches leverage run-time architectural models to ease the design of the autonomic control loop of these self-adaptive systems. While these approaches perform well in reacting to various evolutions of the runtime environment, implementations based on reactive paradigms have a limited ability to anticipate problems, leading to transient unavailability of the system, useless costly adaptations, or resources waste. In this paper, we follow a proactive self-adaptation approach that aims at overcoming the limitation of reactive approaches. Based on predictive analysis of internal and external context information, our approach regulates new architecture recon figurations and deploys them using models at runtime. We have evaluated our approach on a case study where we combined hourly temperature readings provided by National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) with re reports from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and simulated the behavior of multiple systems. The results confirm that our proactive approach outperforms a typical reactive system in scenarios with seasonal behavior

    Coût dans le Cloud: rationalisation et d'essais de recherche

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    International audienceCloud Computing provides simplicity to its consumers by saving them the efforts to deal with their own infrastructure, environments or software. This simplicity relies on the shifting of problems from the client to the provider, introducing new paradigms (virtualization, scalability, flexibility, pay-per-use, etc.). This simplicity comes with a price for the consumer that may accurately, or not, reflect the costs of the provider. In this paper we propose to identify the different points, in the Cloud Computing architecture, where the costs are generated , how their reduction/optimisation are considered, and finally we point-out which of these key points need to be further investigated, according to their foreseeable efficiency.Cloud Computing fournit la simplicitĂ© Ă  ses consommateurs en leur permettant d'Ă©conomiser les efforts pour faire face Ă  leurs propres infrastructures, d'environnements ou logiciel. Cette simplicitĂ© repose sur le dĂ©placement des problĂšmes du client au fournisseur, l'introduction de nouveaux paradigmes (virtualisation, l'Ă©volutivitĂ©, la flexibilitĂ©, pay-per-use, etc.). Cette simplicitĂ© est livrĂ© avec un prix pour le consommateur qui peut prĂ©cision, ou non, reflĂ©ter les coĂ»ts du fournisseur. Dans cet article, nous vous proposons d'identifier les diffĂ©rents points, dans l'architecture Cloud Computing, oĂč les coĂ»ts sont gĂ©nĂ©rĂ©s, comment leur rĂ©duction / optimisation sont considĂ©rĂ©s, et, enfin, nous soulignons-savoir lequel de ces points clĂ©s doivent encore ĂȘtre Ă©tudiĂ©es, selon leur rendement prĂ©visible
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